Machine Learning (ML) is a branch of artificial intelligence that focuses on building systems capable of learning patterns and making predictions from data without explicit programming. Deep Learning (DL), a subset of ML, uses artificial neural networks with multiple layers to automatically extract features and handle complex tasks like image and speech recognition. While ML often relies on structured data and traditional algorithms like decision trees or SVMs, DL excels at handling unstructured data and discovering hierarchical patterns, enabling breakthroughs in fields such as computer vision, natural language processing, and autonomous systems.